Maryland · zones 6b–7b
When to plant onions in Maryland.
Sow or transplant between Jan 29 to Mar 14 in a typical year, keyed to Maryland's median last frost around Apr 8. A second, fall sowing fits Sep 9 to Oct 21. Dates below are state medians; your ZIP code shifts them by days to weeks.
The 2026 windows
Onions dates for a typical Maryland season.
1 · Start indoors
Dec 18 to Jan 31
About 6 weeks before set-out. Warm spot, real light.
2 · Set out
Jan 29 to Mar 14
Keyed to the ~Apr 8 last frost. Sow 0.5" deep, 4" apart.
Fall round
Sep 9 to Oct 21
Counted back from the ~Nov 4 first frost.
Harvest
~95 days later
~0.5 lb per plant over ~1 weeks.
Maryland spans more than one climate: Zone 7 is the most common zone, but the state runs 6b to 7b. That's why the planner works from your ZIP code's frost dates, not your zone: mountain and coastal gardens in the same state can be three weeks apart.
In Maryland: watch for
The pests that find onions here.
A middle-length season, about 210 frost-free days, means onion, bulb overlaps onion thrips for a stretch each summer. Check plants every week or two and treat early.
Silvery streaks and curled leaf tips in hot spells.
Organic fix: Insecticidal soap or neem; hang sticky traps.
Seedlings wilt; white maggots in the bulb base.
Organic fix: Float a row cover over the row; rotate beds each year.
Pale patches with fuzzy gray growth in damp weather.
Organic fix: Space for airflow, water early in the day, spray neem.
White rot
Yellowing and dieback, then wilt; fluffy white mold at the bulb base and roots so rotted the plant lifts straight out.
Organic fix: No cure once it is in the soil. Plant clean stock, never follow onions with onions, and keep infested soil off tools and boots.
Your season math: Maryland gives onions about 210 frost-free days, and it needs roughly 95 days to a first harvest. It's a one-planting crop, so time that single sowing well.
Planting onions in Maryland: questions
When should I plant onions in Maryland?+
In a typical Maryland year, sow onions or set out transplants between Jan 29 to Mar 14, keyed to the state's median last frost around Apr 8. There's also a fall window: Sep 9 to Oct 21. Your exact dates shift with your ZIP code and microclimate.
When do I start onions seeds indoors in Maryland?+
Start seeds inside about 6 weeks before set-out: roughly Dec 18 to Jan 31 for a typical Maryland season.
What USDA zone is Maryland?+
Maryland spans zones 6b–7b, mostly zone 7. But frost dates, not zones, set planting time. The free planner uses your ZIP code's actual frost dates.
How many onions plants do I need?+
Depends who you're feeding. The crop page has exact counts per household size, or the free planner does the math for your family in about 60 seconds.