Iowa · zones 4b–6a
When to plant onions in Iowa.
Sow or transplant between Feb 21 to Apr 6 in a typical year, keyed to Iowa's median last frost around May 1. Dates below are state medians; your ZIP code shifts them by days to weeks.
The 2026 windows
Onions dates for a typical Iowa season.
1 · Start indoors
Jan 10 to Feb 23
About 6 weeks before set-out. Warm spot, real light.
2 · Set out
Feb 21 to Apr 6
Keyed to the ~May 1 last frost. Sow 0.5" deep, 4" apart.
Harvest
~95 days later
~0.5 lb per plant over ~1 weeks.
Iowa spans more than one climate: Zone 5 is the most common zone, but the state runs 4b to 6a. That's why the planner works from your ZIP code's frost dates, not your zone — mountain and coastal gardens in the same state can be three weeks apart.